Singer 404 Service Manual

The Singer 404 is a classic straight-stitch sewing machine known for its durability and reliability. This service manual provides comprehensive information for maintenance, troubleshooting, and repair of the Singer 404 model. It includes detailed sections on machine specifications, disassembly and reassembly procedures, timing adjustments, lubrication points, common issues, and parts identification. Below are key sections for safety, features, maintenance, operation, and troubleshooting.

1. Features at a Glance 2. Safety Precautions 3. Machine Specifications 4. Disassembly & Reassembly 5. Timing Adjustments 6. Lubrication Guide 7. Needle & Thread Setup 8. Tension Adjustment 9. Common Issues & Fixes 10. Parts List & Diagram 11. Troubleshooting

Features at a Glance

Key components: Cast-iron body, straight-stitch mechanism, built-in bobbin winder, reverse stitch lever, stitch length regulator, tension dial, and presser foot system.

FeatureDescription
Stitch TypeStraight stitch only
Stitch LengthAdjustable via dial (0-4 mm)
Reverse StitchLever-activated for back-tacking
Bobbin SystemClass 66 metal bobbins, drop-in style
Needle SystemSinger 15x1 (standard domestic)
MotorBuilt-in electric motor with foot control
Tension ControlFront dial for upper thread tension
Presser FeetStandard snap-on feet compatible
WeightApproximately 25 lbs (11.3 kg)
Power Source110-120V AC, 60Hz (US model)

Safety Precautions

Always unplug the machine before performing any maintenance or repair.

  1. Disconnect Power: Unplug from electrical outlet before servicing.
  2. Needle Safety: Always remove the needle when working near the needle bar.
  3. Moving Parts: Keep fingers clear of gears and belts during operation.
  4. Cleanliness: Keep machine free of lint and dust to prevent overheating.

WARNING! Never operate the machine with covers removed. Risk of electric shock or injury from moving parts.

Machine Specifications

Disassembly & Reassembly

Follow these steps to access internal components. Always keep screws organized.

  1. Remove Top Cover: Unscrew two screws at rear, lift cover off.
  2. Remove Face Plate: Slide off to access tension assembly.
  3. Remove Side Covers: Unscrew side panels for gear access.
  4. Access Bobbin Case: Remove slide plate and bobbin case.
  5. Needle Bar Removal: Loosen set screw, slide bar out.
  6. Hook Removal: Remove hook race ring and hook assembly.

Note: Take photos during disassembly to aid reassembly. Lubricate parts before reassembling.

Timing Adjustments

Proper timing ensures needle and hook interact correctly for stitch formation.

  1. Set Needle at Highest Position: Rotate handwheel toward you until needle bar is at top.
  2. Check Hook Position: Hook point should be just above needle eye when needle rises 2.5 mm.
  3. Adjust Timing Gear: Loosen gear set screw, rotate gear slightly, retighten.
  4. Test: Run machine slowly with thread to check for skipped stitches.

Tip: Use a timing light or magnifier for precise alignment.

Lubrication Guide

Regular lubrication reduces wear and ensures smooth operation. Use Singer sewing machine oil only.

LocationFrequencyNotes
Hook RaceEvery 8 hours of use1-2 drops
Needle BarMonthlyOil at top and bottom bushings
Bobbin CaseMonthlyLight oil on moving parts
GearsEvery 6 monthsApply sparingly
Motor BearingsAnnuallyConsult motor manual

CAUTION! Wipe excess oil to prevent staining fabric.

Needle & Thread Setup

Correct needle and thread setup prevents thread breakage and skipped stitches.

  1. Insert Needle: Flat side faces rear, tighten screw firmly.
  2. Thread Path: Follow numbered guides on machine.
  3. Bobbin Winding: Place bobbin on winder, engage clutch, hold thread tail.
  4. Insert Bobbin: Drop bobbin into case, thread through tension spring.
  5. Draw Up Bobbin Thread: Hold needle thread, rotate handwheel to catch bobbin thread.

WARNING! Always use correct needle type (15x1) to avoid damage.

Tension Adjustment

Balanced tension creates even stitches on both sides of fabric.

  1. Upper Tension: Turn dial higher (4-6) for heavier fabric, lower (2-3) for lightweight.
  2. Bobbin Tension: Adjust screw on bobbin case (clockwise increases).
  3. Test: Sew on scrap fabric; adjust until stitches look identical on both sides.

Note: Default upper tension setting is 4 for medium-weight fabrics.

Common Issues & Fixes

Quick reference for frequent problems.

IssueLikely CauseSolution
Thread bunching underneathIncorrect bobbin threadingRethread bobbin, check tension
Skipped stitchesBlunt needle or incorrect timingReplace needle, check timing
Needle breaksWrong needle size or bent needleUse correct needle, insert properly
Machine jamsLint buildup or thread jam in hookClean hook area, remove thread
Uneven stitchesIncorrect tensionBalance upper and bobbin tension

Parts List & Diagram

Key replacement parts for Singer 404. Refer to official Singer parts diagram for full list.

Note: Order parts from authorized Singer dealers or www.singer.com.

Troubleshooting

SymptomPossible CauseCorrective Action
Machine won't startPower cord, foot control, or motor issueCheck power outlet, test foot control, inspect motor brushes.
Noisy operationLack of lubrication or worn gearsOil moving parts; inspect gears for wear.
Thread breaks frequentlyRough spots on needle or thread pathReplace needle; check for burrs on guides.
Fabric not feedingPresser foot pressure too low or feed dog cloggedAdjust presser foot pressure; clean feed dogs.
Light not workingBulb burnt out or wiring issueReplace bulb; check wiring connections.

Reset: For persistent issues, complete disassembly, cleaning, and reassembly with lubrication.

Service: For professional repair, contact Singer authorized service center at 1-800-4-SINGER or visit www.singer.com.

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